However , if after consulting the case file , interrogating the defendant and heeding the opinions of the other parties , defenders and agents ad litem , the collegial panel thinks the criminal facts are clear , it may open no court session 合议庭经过阅卷，讯问被告人、听取其他当事人、辩护人、诉讼代理人的意见，对事实清楚的，可以不开庭审理。
Article 159 during a court hearing , the parties , the defenders and agents ad litem shall have the right to request new witnesses to be summoned , new material evidence to be obtained , a new expert evaluation to be made , and another inquest to be held 第一百五十九条法庭审理过程中，当事人和辩护人、诉讼代理人有权申请通知新的证人到庭，调取新的物证，申请重新鉴定或者勘验。
A lawyer , a public organization , a near relative of the citizen bringing the suit , or a person recommended by the unit to which the citizen bringing the suit belongs or any other citizen approved by the people ' s court may be entrusted as an agent ad litem 律师、社会团体、提起诉讼的公民的近亲属或者所在单位推荐的人，以及经人民法院许可的其他公民，可以受委托为诉讼代理人。
But all of these regulations should also be in accord with the principle of legislation . from the lawyer ' s point of view , this thesis researches the crime of defender and agent ad litem ' s destroying evidence , falsifying evidence , and interfering with witness 文章第二部分，着重探讨刑法第306条规定本身存在的缺陷和在司法实践中的异化现象，以及该条实施后对律师业的消极影响。
Article 176 in a case of private prosecution that is tried through summary procedure , after the bill of prosecution is read out , the defendant and his defenders may , with the permission of the judges , debate with the private prosecutor and his agents ad litem 第一百七十六条适用简易程序审理自诉案件，宣读起诉书后，经审判人员许可，被告人及其辩护人可以同自诉人及其诉讼代理人互相辩论。
Article 12 . a minor aged 10 or over shall be a person with limited capacity for civil conduct and may engage in civil activities appropriate to his age and intellect ; in other civil activities , he shall be represented by his agent ad litem or participate with the consent of his agent ad litem 第十二条十周岁以上的未成年人是限制民事行为能力人，可以进行与他的年智力相适应的民事活动其他民事活动由他的法定代理人代理，或者征得他的法定代理人的同意。
Article 12 a minor aged 10 or over shall be a person with limited capacity for civil conduct and may engage in civil activities appropriate to his age and intellect ; in other civil activities , he shall be represented by his agent ad litem or participate with the consent of his agent ad litem 第十二条十周岁以上的未成年人是限制民事行为能力人，可以进行与他的年龄、智力相适应的民事活动；其他民事活动由他的法定代理人代理，或者征得他的法定代理人的同意。
A mentally ill person who is unable to fully account for his own conduct shall be a person with limited capacity for civil conduct and may engage in civil activities appropriate to his mental health ; in other civil activities , he shall be represented by his agent ad litem or participate with the consent of his agent ad litem 不能完全辨认自己行为的精神病人是限制民事行为能力人，可以进行与他的精神健康状况相适应的民事活动；其他民事活动由他的法定代理人代理，或者征得他的法定代理人的同意。
A mentally ill person who is unable to fully account for his own conduct shall be a person with limited capacity for civil conduct and may engage in civil activities appropriate to his mental health ; in other civil activities , he shall be represented by his agent ad litem or participate with the consent of his agent ad litem 不能完全辨认自己行为的精神病人是限制民事行为能力人，可以进行与他的精神健康状况相适应的民事活动其他民事活动由他的法定代理人代理，或者征得他的法定代理人的同意。
This is what the research subject is going to demonstrate : theoretical value and practical significance . this article is composed of five parts , which first expounds the legislative process of article 306 and its present execution situation in judicial practice . through careful analyses of the constitutive characteristics of crimes of forging and destroying evidences , and crimes of impairing testifying by defenders and agents ad litem added in article 306 and some easily confusing problems when applying this article in 文章首先阐述了新刑法第三百零六条的立法过程，并以一定的数据说明该条文在司法实践中造成的现状，来分析新刑法第三百零六条增设的辩护人、诉讼代理人毁灭证据、伪造证据、妨害作证罪的构成特征，分析司法实践中适用该条文容易混淆的几个问题，从而对该条文设置的合理性问题提出质疑和论证，并且提出废止该条文和笔者对新刑法第三百零六条与第三百零七条进行整合的新见解。
